Makampani a semiconductor aku US sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pomanga mafakitale apamwamba ku China kapena kupanga tchipisi pamsika waku US.
Makampani a semiconductor aku US omwe amavomereza $280 biliyoni mu CHIPS ndi Science Act zolimbikitsa adzaletsedwa kuyika ndalama ku China.Nkhani zaposachedwa zimachokera mwachindunji kwa Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo, yemwe adauza atolankhani ku White House dzulo.
CHIPS, kapena kuti America's Semiconductor Manufacturing Favorable Incentives Act, idakwana $52 biliyoni ya $280 biliyoni ndipo ndi gawo limodzi la zoyesayesa za boma zotsitsimutsa kupanga ma semiconductor apanyumba ku United States, omwe akutsalira ku Taiwan ndi China.
Zotsatira zake, makampani aukadaulo omwe amalandila ndalama ku federal pansi pa CHIPS Act adzaletsedwa kuchita bizinesi ku China kwa zaka khumi.Raimondo adalongosola izi ngati "mpanda wowonetsetsa kuti anthu omwe akulandira ndalama za CHIPS sangawononge chitetezo cha dziko."
"Saloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi kugulitsa ku China, sangathe kupanga ukadaulo wapamwamba ku China, ndipo sangathe kutumiza ukadaulo waposachedwa kunja."".zotsatira.
Kuletsaku kumatanthauza kuti makampani sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo kumanga mafakitale apamwamba ku China kapena kupanga tchipisi pamsika waku US kum'mawa.Komabe, makampani aukadaulo amatha kukulitsa luso lawo lopanga tchipisi ku China ngati zinthuzo zikungoyang'ana pamsika waku China.
“Ngati atenga ndalamazo ndi kuchita chilichonse mwa izi, tidzabweza ndalamazo,” Raimondo adayankha mtolankhani wina.Raimondo adatsimikiza kuti makampani aku America ndi okonzeka kutsatira zomwe zaletsedwa.
Tsatanetsatane ndi tsatanetsatane wa zoletsedwazi zidzasankhidwa ndi February 2023. Komabe, Raimondo adalongosola kuti njira yonseyi ikukhudzana ndi kuteteza chitetezo cha dziko la United States.Chifukwa chake, sizikudziwika ngati makampani omwe adayikapo ndalama kale ku China ndikulengeza zokulitsa ma node mdziko muno ayenera kusiya mapulani awo.
"Tilemba ganyu anthu omwe akhala akukambirana movutikira m'mabizinesi apadera, ndi akatswiri pamakampani opanga ma semiconductor, ndipo tidzakambirana nthawi imodzi ndikukakamiza makampaniwa kuti atitsimikizire - tikufunika kuti azichita mogwirizana ndi kuwululidwa kwachuma, atsimikizire kwa ife pankhani ya ndalama zogulira ndalama - zititsimikizire kuti ndalamazo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mupange ndalamazo. "
Popeza lamulo lachilendo la bipartisan, Chip Act, lidasainidwa kukhala lamulo mu Ogasiti, Micron yalengeza kuti idzagulitsa $40 biliyoni pakupangira US pakutha kwa zaka khumi.
Qualcomm ndi GlobalFoundries adalengeza mgwirizano wa $ 4.2 biliyoni kuti alimbikitse kupanga semiconductor pamalo omaliza a New York.M'mbuyomu, Samsung (Texas ndi Arizona) ndi Intel (New Mexico) adalengeza za ndalama zokwana madola mabiliyoni ambiri m'mafakitale a chip.
Pa $ 52 biliyoni yomwe yaperekedwa ku Chip Act, $ 39 biliyoni imapita ku zolimbikitsa zopanga, $ 13.2 biliyoni zimapita ku R&D ndi chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito, ndipo $ 500 miliyoni yotsalayo imapita ku ntchito za semiconductor.Inayambitsanso ngongole ya 25 peresenti ya msonkho pa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma semiconductors ndi zipangizo zina.
Malinga ndi Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA), kupanga semiconductor ndi bizinesi ya $ 555.9 biliyoni yomwe idzatsegule zenera latsopano pofika 2021, ndi 34.6% ($ 192.5 biliyoni) ya ndalamazo kupita ku China.Komabe, opanga aku China amadalirabe mapangidwe ndi ukadaulo wa US semiconductor, koma kupanga ndi nkhani yosiyana.Kupanga kwa semiconductor kumafuna zaka zambiri zaunyolo ndi zida zodula monga machitidwe owopsa a ultraviolet lithography.
Kuti athetse mavutowa, maboma akunja, kuphatikizapo boma la China, aphatikiza makampaniwa ndikupitiriza kupereka zolimbikitsa zopangira chip, zomwe zinachititsa kuchepa kwa US semiconductor kupanga mphamvu kuchokera ku 56,7% mu 2013 mpaka 43,2% mu 2021.Komabe, kupanga chip cha US kumapanga 10 peresenti yokha ya dziko lonse lapansi.
Chip Act ndi njira zoletsera ndalama ku China zathandizanso kulimbikitsa kupanga tchipisi ku US.Mu 2021, 56.7% yamakampani omwe ali ku likulu la US adzakhala kunja kwa dziko, malinga ndi SIA.
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